The spatial index structure and the query technology plays an important role in the spatial database. According to the disadvantages in the approximation and organization of the complex spatial objects of the existing methods, a new index structure based on Minimum Bounding Rectangle (MBR), trapezoid and circle (RTC (Rectangle Trapezoid Circle) tree) was proposed. To deal with the Nearest Neighbor (NN) query of the complex spatial data objects effectively, the NN query based on RTC (NNRTC) algorithm was given. The NNRTC algorithm could reduce the nodes traversal and the distance calculation by using the pruning rules. According to the influence of the barriers on the spatial data set, the barrier-NN query based on RTC tree (BNNRTC) algorithm was proposed. The BNNRTC algorithm first queried in an idea space and then judged the query result. To deal with the dynamic simple continuous NN chain query, the Simple Continues NN chain query based on RTC tree (SCNNCRTC) algorithm was given. The experimental results show that the proposed methods can improve the efficiency of 60%-80% in dealing with large complex spatial object data set with respect to the query method based on R tree.